Postbariatric Abdominoplasty: A Comparative Study on Scarpa Fascia Preservation Versus Classical Technique.

BACKGROUND: Abdominoplasties performed with Scarpa Fascia preservation, improve recovery and reduce complications, particularly seroma. Bariatric patients who experience massive weight loss frequently seek body contouring procedures and represent a high-risk group. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of abdominoplasty with Scarpa Fascia preservation versus the classical technique in a bariatric population. METHODS: A retrospective observational cohort study was performed between March 2015 and March 2021 in 65 postbariatric patients who underwent a classic full abdominoplasty (group A, N = 25) or a similar procedure except for the preservation of Scarpa fascia (group B, N = 40). Total and daily drain output, time until drain removal, long drainers (≥ 6 days), length of hospital stay, emergency department visit, readmission to the hospital, reoperation, local and systemic complications were the outcomes evaluated. RESULTS: Group B had a 3-day reduction in time until drain removal (p < 0.001), a 62.6% reduction of total drain output (p < 0.001) and a 3-day reduction in the length of the hospital stay (p < 0.001). Long drainers (≥ 6 days) were highly reduced (from 56.0% in group A to 7.5% in group B) (p < 0.001). There was a lower incidence of liquid collections in group B, with a 66.7% reduction in seroma incidence. CONCLUSIONS: Abdominoplasty with Scarpa Fascia preservation improves recovery by reducing drain output, allowing earlier drain removal and reducing long periods with suction drains. It also reduces hospital stay and seroma incidence. This technique modifies the high-risk postbariatric patient in such a major way that he behaves like a nonbariatric. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Acute Cocaine Intoxication: An Approach to Severe Hepatic and Renal Dysfunctions.

Cocaine is a highly addictive substance. Its poisoning can lead to potentially fatal multi-organ dysfunction. We report a case of cocaine overdose with severe multi-organ dysfunction. A healthy 51-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room due to behaviour changes and seizure after inhaling crack. Multiple dysfunctions were developed, with emphasis on liver and kidney dysfunction, due to their severity. The patient had marked hepatic cytolysis with a peak on the third day with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST): 7941 and 4453 IU/L, respectively with mild coagulopathy and hyperbilirubinemia. Underwent empirical treatment with acetylcysteine ​​with good clinical response. Also developed anuric AKIN3 acute kidney injury secondary to rhabdomyolysis, requiring treatment with intermittent haemodialysis. The approach to a case with severe multiorgan dysfunction is described, with special emphasis on the use of acetylcysteine. The good evolution of the patient can corroborate the use of this drug as a potential modifier of prognosis.

A Case of Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia Triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 Virus.

We report a case of acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) triggered by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. A 60-year-old male with chronic sinusitis and tobacco use presented to the emergency department (ED) with an acute onset of dyspnea, non-productive cough, and fever. A diagnosis of moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection with bacterial superinfection was made. He was discharged on antibiotic therapy. One month later, due to the persistence of symptoms, he returned to the ED. At this time, blood analysis showed eosinophilia and a chest computed tomography scan showed bilateral diffuse infiltrative changes. He was admitted to the hospital for the study of eosinophilic disease. A lung biopsy was performed, which showed eosinophilic pneumonia. Corticotherapy was started with symptoms and peripheral eosinophilia resolution, and imaging improvement.

The Mastery of Competencies for the Care of LGBT+ People by Different Health Professionals.

This study aims to compare the mastery of competencies in assisting the LGBT+ population of Brazilian health professionals. Data collection occurred in a face-to-face and virtual manner, in the first semester of 2018. The health professionals answered a socio-demographic and functional questionnaire, in addition to the questionnaire Measurement of Training Needs for Health Care for the LGBT+ Public. The data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests. The project research was submitted to and approved by the IMED Research Ethics Committee (CAAE 69116917.6.0000.5319). The sample (n= 380) was made up mostly of psychologists (42.3%), female (81%), heterosexual (73.2%), aged between 26 and 35 years (36%), Catholic (41%), living in the south region (36.9%), and working in the profession for ten years or more (34.3%). Skills gaps on the LGBT+ theme was identified, especially in topics such as "approach to the patient's sexuality," "interference of religious beliefs in care," "care with the genitalia and breast of the trans individual," among others. Professionals trained in psychology and non-heterosexuals had a greater mastery of the theme than the others. The fragmentation of knowledge and skills hinders the full and equal access to the health system, and continued educational actions are recommended.

Factors related to work ability among nursing professionals from urgent and emergency care units: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Nursing professionals are on the front line of health systems in Brazil as well as worldwide. Studies on the work ability of nursing professionals are especially relevant as care demands increase and health care workforce shortages are expected. As the population of Brazil ages, the need for nursing care will increase. OBJECTIVE: To identify levels and predictors of work ability among Brazilian nursing professionals. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with 267 nursing professionals (72 nurses and 195 nursing technicians and nursing auxiliary) from public emergency and urgent care units was conducted. Measures included the following: Work Ability Index; Questionnaire of Socio-demographics, Lifestyle and Work and Health Aspects; and Violence at Work questionnaire. Generalized linear regression and Poisson models were used for data analysis. RESULTS: The mean work ability was 40.4 (range: 22 to 49). Almost 79.6% (n = 211) of participants reported good or excellent work ability, and 20.4% (n = 54) reported moderate or poor work ability. Better perceptions of health and job satisfaction, absence of health issues (past 15 days), lower stress levels, and having a partner were associated with better work ability. Victims of workplace violence were less likely to have good or excellent work ability than non-victims (prevalence ratio = 0.80; 95% CI 0.72 to 0.90). Professionals with cumulative experiences of workplace violence were less likely to report better work ability. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of good or excellent work ability was 79.6%. Our findings indicate that the following factors are predictors of work ability: self-reported perception of health, health issues in the last 15 days, workplace violence, job satisfaction, stress, and marital status.

The influence of fatigue on work capacity and quality of life among miners with silicosis.

Introduction: Factors associated with the mining environment can contribute to work accidents and reduced caution at work, which may affect the quality of life and work capacity of miners. Objectives: To evaluate if fatigue influences quality of life and work capacity in miners with silicosis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Northern Region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Sociodemographic data and data on fatigue, work capacity, and quality of life were collected during the second half of 2017 and first half of 2018. Results: All participants were men. Mean participant age was 52.6 (± 7.2) years, and most (70.4%) of them did not finish elementary school. The strongest correlations were found between the physical, overall, and total fatigue domains and the World Health Organization Quality of Life - BREF and between the total and mental fatigue domains and the Work Ability Index. Strong correlations were also found between overall and total fatigue and the total St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire score. Conclusions: Silicosis and physical workload have a negative impact on respiratory quality of life and perception of fatigue among miners.

Introdução: Fatores associados ao ambiente de mineração podem contribuir para acidentes e menor autocuidado no trabalho, podendo afetar a qualidade de vida e a capacidade para o trabalho. Objetivos: Avaliar se a fadiga influencia a qualidade de vida e a capacidade para o trabalho dos trabalhadores de mineração com silicose. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal, desenvolvido no norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram coletados dados so cio demográficos, de fadiga, da capacidade para o trabalho e de qualidade de vida. A coleta de dados ocorreu durante o segundo semestre de 2017 e o primeiro semestre de 2018. Resultados: Todos os participantes eram homens. A idade média dos participantes foi de 52,6 (± 7,2) anos, e a maioria (70,4%) não concluiu o ensino fundamental. Os melhores coeficientes de correlação foram alcançados entre os domínios de fadiga física, geral e total e o questionário de Qualidade de Vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde-BREF e entre os domínios totais e fadiga mental e o Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho. Correlações fortes também foram alcançadas entre a fadiga geral e total e o escore total do Questionário de Qualidade de Vida Respiratória do Hospital São Jorge. Conclusões: A silicose e a carga de trabalho física têm influência negativa na qualidade de vida respiratória e na percepção de fadiga dos trabalhadores de mineração.

Form for planning and elaborating high fidelity simulation scenarios: A validation study.

Every human being has the right to safe, dignified and harm-free care in health institutions. High fidelity simulation has been used in teaching for the training and continuing education of health professionals to promote quality, safe and humanized patient care. Elaborating scenarios is an important phase to provide a simulation-based experience, and is relevant in the teaching-learning process. The objective of this study was to validate the content and applicability of the High Fidelity Simulation Scenario Planning and Development Form and its Operational Manual. The form could be used to development of scenarios to medicine, nursing, physiotherapy and as well as other specialties in the healthcare. This was a methodological validation study of the form and its manual content by experts in simulation and its feasibility, conducted in two phases: Phase 1: eight experts were selected using the "snowball" sampling technique to validate the content measured by the content validity index; Phase 2 (test): the form and its operational manual validated by the experts were made available to 28 participants in order to elaborate scenarios for the feasibility assessment and participation in the focus group. All items in the form and in the operational manual reached a content validity index above 0.80. The total content validity index was 0.98. The evaluation of the usability of the instruments carried out by the participants reached a percentage above 96.43% in all alternatives except for the item "It was easy to use the form to build your scenario" (75%). Eight participants were present in the focus group. Focus group discussions were categorized into completeness, practicality and usefulness according to comments and suggestions. The form and its operational manual proved to be valid instruments.

A Search for Novel Legionella pneumophila Effector Proteins Reveals a Strain Specific Nucleotropic Effector.

Legionella pneumophila is an accidental human pathogen that causes the potentially fatal Legionnaires' disease, a severe type of pneumonia. The main virulence mechanism of L. pneumophila is a Type 4B Secretion System (T4SS) named Icm/Dot that transports effector proteins into the host cell cytosol. The concerted action of effectors on several host cell processes leads to the formation of an intracellular Legionella-containing vacuole that is replication competent and avoids phagolysosomal degradation. To date over 300 Icm/Dot substrates have been identified. In this study, we searched the genome of a L. pneumophila strain (Pt/VFX2014) responsible for the second largest L. pneumophila outbreak worldwide (in Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal, in 2014) for genes encoding potential novel Icm/Dot substrates. This strain Pt/VFX2014 belongs to serogroup 1 but phylogenetically segregates from all other serogroup 1 strains previously sequenced, displaying a unique mosaic genetic backbone. The ability of the selected putative effectors to be delivered into host cells by the T4SS was confirmed using the TEM-1 ß-lactamase reporter assay. Two previously unknown Icm/Dot effectors were identified, VFX05045 and VFX10045, whose homologs Lpp1450 and Lpp3070 in clinical strain L. pneumophila Paris were also confirmed as T4SS substrates. After delivery into the host cell cytosol, homologs VFX05045/Lpp1450 remained diffused in the cell, similarly to Lpp3070. In contrast, VFX10045 localized to the host cell nucleus. To understand how VFX10045 and Lpp3070 (94% of identity at amino acid level) are directed to distinct sites, we carried out a comprehensive site-directed mutagenesis followed by analyses of the subcellular localization of the mutant proteins. This led to the delineation of region in the C-terminal part (residues 380 to 534) of the 583 amino acid-long VFX10045 as necessary and sufficient for nuclear targeting and highlighted the fundamental function of the VFX10045-specific R440 and I441 residues in this process. These studies revealed a strain-specific nucleotropism for new effector VFX10045/Lpp3070, which anticipates distinct functions between these homologs.

PVA-Based Hydrogels Loaded with Diclofenac for Cartilage Replacement.

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels have been widely studied for cartilage replacement due to their biocompatibility, chemical stability, and ability to be modified such that they approximate natural tissue behavior. Additionally, they may also be used with advantages as local drug delivery systems. However, their properties are not yet the most adequate for such applications. This work aimed to develop new PVA-based hydrogels for this purpose, displaying improved tribomechanical properties with the ability to control the release of diclofenac (DFN). Four types of PVA-based hydrogels were prepared via freeze-thawing: PVA, PVA/PAA (by polyacrylic acid (PAA) addition), PVA/PAA+PEG (by polyethylene glycol (PEG) immersion), and PVA/PAA+PEG+A (by annealing). Their morphology, water uptake, mechanical and rheological properties, wettability, friction coefficient, and drug release behavior were accessed. The irritability of the best-performing material was investigated. The results showed that the PAA addition increased the swelling and drug release amount. PEG immersion led to a more compact structure and significantly improved the material's tribomechanical performance. The annealing treatment led to the material with the most suitable properties: besides presenting a low friction coefficient, it further enhanced the mechanical properties and ensured a controlled DFN release for at least 3 days. Moreover, it did not reveal irritability potential for biological tissues.

Trabalho de cuidado, gênero e violências: estudo com técnicos/as de enfermagem / Care work, gender and violences: study with nurse technicians

Resumo Introdução A enfermagem é uma profissão predominantemente feminina que tem como centralidade o cuidado em saúde. A literatura aponta que essa categoria profissional vivencia as situações de violências interpessoais, a violência urbana/social, os sofrimentos face às desigualdades sociais, além das precárias condições de trabalho. Objetivo Analisar as condições de trabalho e as violências vividas por profissionais de nível médio-técnicos/as em enfermagem na área hospitalar que realizam o trabalho de cuidado. Método Pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa que utilizou o referencial dos estudos do care, que considera a divisão sexual do trabalho. Foram entrevistados dois homens e sete mulheres de um hospital público da região Sudeste do Brasil. Foi utilizado um roteiro semiestruturado para a coleta dos depoimentos orais com subsídios da história oral. Resultados Havia quatro trabalhadores/as terceirizados/as e cinco servidores/as públicos/as. Em relação às condições de trabalho, foram identificados: terceirização do trabalho na área pública; diminuição do número de trabalhadores/as para o cuidado em saúde; casos de acidentes de trabalho (doenças e acidentes com materiais perfurocortantes), sofrimento e emoções dos/as profissionais diante das condições de vida da população atendida; violências urbana e social que influenciam a saúde e a subjetividade dos/as profissionais; vivências de conflitos, ameaças e agressões entre a equipe e as pessoas atendidas pelas profissionais. Conclusão É preciso aprofundamento teórico e metodológico para compreender as condições de trabalho, as violências e as emoções nas especificidades de uma profissão predominantemente feminina.

Abstract Background Nursing is a predominantly female profession that focuses on health care. The literature reports that this professional category experiences situations of interpersonal violence, urban/social violence, suffering in the face of social inequalities, in addition to precarious working conditions. Objetive To analyse the working conditions and the violence experienced by the medium level technician´s professional in nursering concerning the hospitalar area that do the care work. Method Research with qualitative approach, that utilized references of the care studies that consider the Sexual Division of Labour (SDL). Seven women and two men of the public hospital in the south region in Brazil were interviewed. A semi-structured itinerary was used for the oral testimony collections with subsidies of the oral history. Results Four workers were outsourced by the public service and five were public officer. In relation to the working conditions, it could be identified: outsourcing in the public service; decrease of the number of workers for health care; accidents at work (diseases and accidents with cutting materials); suffering and the emotions of the professionals in face of the living conditions of the population served by this public service; the urban and social violence that influences the health and the subjectivity of the professionals; and the violence and the relationships with the people served by them (conflicts, threats and aggressions). Conclusion It is necessary to intensify the theoretical and methodological characteristics in order to understand the working conditions, the violence and the emotions in the specificities of a predominantly female profession.

Aspectos históricos do trabalho e da saúde de técnicos e técnicas de enfermagem no Brasil / Aspectos históricos del trabajo y la salud de los técnicos de enfermería en Brasil / Historical aspects of work and health of nursing technicians in Brazil

Objetivo principal: Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los aspectos históricos y sociológicos del trabajo y la salud de los técnicos de enfermería en el área hospitalaria. Metodología: La investigación cualitativa utiliza entrevistas (siete mujeres y dos hombres) con técnicos de enfermería de un pequeño hospital, en la perspectiva de la historia oral. Resultados principales: Las técnicas de enfermería utilizan el cuerpo para el cuidado, la expresión de las emociones y el saber hacer profesional. Hay casos de accidentes de trabajo, influencias del trabajo nocturno en la salud y enfermedades relacionadas con el esfuerzo físico y el uso intenso del cuerpo. Conclusión principal: El referencial teórico de los estudios del cuidado ayudó a comprender cómo el cuerpo es utilizado en el cuidado y confirma la necesidad de garantizar la salud de estos trabaja-dores a lo largo de la historia de sus trayectorias (AU)

Objective: This study aims to analyse the historical and sociological aspects of work and health of nursing technicians in the hospital area. Methods: The qualitative research uses interviews (seven women and two men) with nursing technicians from a small hospital, from the perspective of oral history. Results: Nursing techniques use the body for care, expression of emotions and professional know-how. There are cases of work accidents, influences of night work on health and illnesses related to physical exertion and intense use of the body. Conclusions: The theoretical framework of care studies helped to understand how the body is used in care and confirms the need to guarantee the health of these workers throughout the history of their trajectories (AU)

Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar os aspectos históricos e sociológicos do trabalho e da saúde dos técnicos e técnicas de enfermagem de um hospital público, sob a perspectiva dos estudos sobre o trabalho de cuidado. Metodologia: A pesquisa qualitativa utiliza entrevistas (sete mulheres e dois homens) com técnicos de enfermagem de um hospital de pequeno porte, na perspectiva da história oral. Principais resultados: As técnicas de enfermagem utilizam o corpo para o cuidado, expressam suas emoções por meio dele e usam os saberes e fazeres para lidar com diferentes sentimentos. Há casos de acidentes de trabalho, influências do trabalho noturno na saúde e doenças relacionadas ao esforço físico e uso intenso do corpo. Conclusão principal: O referencial teórico dos estudos do cuidado ajudou a compreender como o corpo é utilizado no cuidado e confirma a necessidade de garantir a saúde dessas trabalhadoras ao longo da história de suas carreiras (AU)

Políticas de formação profissional de nível médio em Enfermagem no Brasil: perspectiva histórico-crítica / Políticas de formación profesional de nivel medio en Enfermería en Brasil: perspectiva histórico-crítica / Policies of professional training of middle level in Nursing in Brazil: historical-critical perspective

Las políticas de formación técnica en enfermería se caracterizan por el cuño asistencialista, destinado a las capas populares y la división entre trabajo manual e intelectual; además del carácter económico en la contratación de técnicos y auxiliares en detrimento de los profesionales de nivel superior. La finalidad del artículo es discutir la historia de las políticas de formación profesional de nivel medio en Enfermería, en Brasil, en un abordaje histórico-crítico. Este ensayo utiliza fuentes bibliográficas de libros y artículos científicos consultados en las bases de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud y Scielo sobre el tema. Con relación a los resultados hubo avances en el debate sobre la educación profesional en enfermería brasileña, con énfasis en la garantía de la calidad de la formación, que debe ser crítica y proporcionar la reflexión sobre las prácticas en salud en el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) y mejora de la calidad de la formación docente. Por lo tanto, de acuerdo con los aspectos históricos de la educación profesional en enfermería brasileña, que durante mucho tiempo fue pautada en la dimensión asistencialista y curativa, los procesos educativos deben orientarse más allá de la inserción en el mercado de trabajo y garantizar la educación para los trabajadores del área de salud (AU)

Nursing technical training policies are characterized by the welfare nature of the working classes and the division between manual and intellectual work; in addition to the economic character in hiring technicians and auxiliaries to the detriment of higher education professionals. The purpose of the article is to discuss the history of professional training policies of middle level in Nursing, in Brazil, in a historical-critical approach. This essay uses bibliographic sources of books and scientific articles consulted in the bases of the Virtual Library on Health and Scielo on the subject. Regarding the results, there were advances in the debate on professional education in Brazilian nursing, with emphasis on quality assurance of training, which should be critical and provide reflection on health practices in the Unified Health System (SUS) and improving the quality of teacher training. Therefore, according to the historical aspects of professional education in Brazilian nursing, which for a long education-al process should be guided beyond the insertion in the labor market and ensure education for health workers (AU)

As políticas de formação técnica em enfermagem caracterizam-se pelo cunho assistencialista, destinado às camadas populares e a divisão entre trabalho manual e intelectual; além do caráter econômico na contratação de técnicos e auxiliares em detrimento dos profissionais de nível superior. A finalidade do artigo é discutir a história das políticas de formação profissional de nível médio em Enfermagem, no Brasil, em uma abordagem histórico-crítica. Esse ensaio utiliza de fontes bibliográficas de livros e artigos científicos consultados nas bases da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Scielo sobre o tema. Com relação aos resultados houve avanços no debate sobre a educação profissional em enfermagem brasileira, com ênfase na garantia da qualidade da formação, que deve ser crítica e proporcionar a reflexão sobre as práticas em saúde no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e melhoria da qualidade da formação docente. Portanto, de acordo com os aspectos históricos da educação profissional em enfermagem brasileira, que durante muito tempo foi pautada na dimensão assistencialista e curativa, os processos educativos devem se pautar para além da inserção no mercado de trabalho e garantir a educação para os trabalhadores da área de saúde (AU)

CD73 expression in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic thyroid: a systematic evaluation revealing CD73 overexpression as a feature of papillary carcinomas.

CD73 converts AMP to adenosine, an immunosuppressive metabolite that promotes tumorigenesis. This study presents a systematic evaluation of CD73 expression in benign, hyperplastic, and neoplastic thyroid. CD73 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 142 thyroid samples. CD73 was expressed in normal thyroid (3/6) and goiter (5/6), with an apical pattern and mild intensity. Apical and mild CD73 expression was also present in oncocytic cell adenomas/carcinomas (9/10; 5/8) and in follicular adenomas/carcinomas (12/18; 23/27). In contrast, papillary thyroid carcinomas featured extensive and intense CD73 staining (49/50) (vs. normal thyroid/goiter, p < 0.001). Seven of nine anaplastic carcinomas were CD73-positive with heterogeneous extensiveness of staining. Medullary and poorly differentiated carcinomas were mostly CD73-negative (1/6; 2/2). These results were corroborated by NT5E mRNA profiling. Papillary carcinomas feature enhanced CD73 protein and mRNA expression with distinct and intense staining, more pronounced in the invasive fronts of the tumors.

Respiratory health and silicosis in artisanal mine workers in southern Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) are an important source of employment in southern Brazil. Mining workers are frequently exposed to unhealthy work conditions which increase the risk of occupational diseases. In this study, we assessed the association of sociodemographic factors and the occupational history of artisanal mining workers with the risk of adverse respiratory outcomes. METHODS: The study was conducted with 258 artisanal mining workers in southern Brazil, who were exposed to dust (mainly crystalline silica) in their work. Information on sociodemographic variables and occupational histories was collected between 2017 and 2018. To estimate the worker's exposure to inhalable dust we use the Advanced REACH (Registration, Evaluation, and Authorization of Chemicals) Tool (ART). RESULTS: Study participants were all men, with an average age of 40 years. Median crude dust exposure estimated by ART was 13.2 mg/m³ and median crude crystalline silica exposure was 1.6 mg/m3 . The prevalence ratio (PR) for self-reported silicosis was 3.08 (95% confidence interval, 1.39-7.17) in workers with 20 years or more of mining work. Factors associated with silicosis were age, pack-years of tobacco use, and body mass index. Smokers were over twice as likely to report respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that a high prevalence of silicosis and other associated diseases in mining workers is associated with both unhealthy work environment conditions and the health profile of workers. This study is an important step for understanding health outcomes from work in ASM.

Impact of COVID-19 confinement on eating behaviours across 16 European countries: The COVIDiet cross-national study.

We aimed to evaluate the changes in eating behaviours of the adult population across 16 European countries due to the COVID-19 confinement and to evaluate whether these changes were somehow related to the severity of the containment measures applied in each country. An anonymous online self-reported questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, validated 14-items Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) Adherence Screener (MEDAS) as a reference of a healthy diet, eating and lifestyle behaviours prior to and during the COVID-19 confinement was used to collect data. The study included an adult population residing in 16 European countries at the time of the survey. Aggregated Stringency Index (SI) score, based on data from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker, was calculated for each country at the time the questionnaire was distributed (range: 0-100). A total of 36,185 participants completed the questionnaire (77.6% female, 75.2% with high educational level and 42.7% aged between 21 and 35 years). In comparison to pre-confinement, a significantly higher adherence to the MedDiet during the confinement was observed across all countries (overall MEDAS score prior to- and during confinement: 5.23 ± 2.06 vs. 6.15 ± 2.06; p < 0.001), with the largest increase seen in Greece and North Macedonia. The highest adherence to MedDiet during confinement was found in Spain and Portugal (7.18 ± 1.84 and 7.34 ± 1.95, respectively). Stricter contingency restrictions seemed to lead to a significantly higher increase in the adherence to the MedDiet. The findings from this cross-sectional study could be used to inform current diet-related public health guidelines to ensure optimal nutrition is followed among the population, which in turn would help to alleviate the current public health crisis.

Weight loss-what's the most effective diet type?: a scoping review / Pérdida de peso-¿cuál es el tipo de dieta más eficaz?: una revisión sistemática exploratoria

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate which type of diet is most effective for weight loss. METHODS: Relevant studies for this type of review were identified from March to May 2018 by several sources, in the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, Scielo, SCOPUS, Web of Science, BVS Portal, EMBASE and Cochrane Library. For gray literature, Open Green and Base search and hand search repositories, which is a free search for materials that address the subject were searched. RESULTS: The selected publications totaled 537, of which 104 were from the electronic databases and 433 records identified through other databases. After the removal of duplicates, 113 titles and abstracts and 37 complete texts were selected, after reading the articles in full, 14 articles were selected for inclusion in this review. Out of the 14 articles analyzed, relevant results were presented for a diet rich in fruits and vegetables; oleaginous, especially nuts; a Mediterranean diet was noted in three studies; dietary guidelines based on guides was mentioned in two studies and a high-protein diet was cited four times. CONCLUSION: The most effective diet for weight loss was the high fiber diet, although it contributes with small percentage value.

OBJETIVO: evaluar qué tipo de dieta es la más efectiva para perder peso. MÉTODOS: los estudios relevantes para este tipo de revisión fueron identificados de marzo a mayo de 2018 por varias fuentes, en las bases de datos electrónicas PubMed, CINAHL, Scielo, SCOPUS, Web of Science, BVS Portal, EMBASE y Cochrane Library en la literatura gris Open Creen y Base de búsqueda y repositorios de búsqueda manual, que es una búsqueda gratuita de materiales que tratan el tema. RESULTADOS: Las publicaciones seleccionadas totalizaron 537, de las cuales 104 eran de las bases de datos electrónicas y 433 registros identificados a través de otras bases de datos. Después de la eliminación de los artículos duplicados, se seleccionaron 113 títulos y resúmenes y 37 textos completos; después de leer los artículos completos, se seleccionaron 14 artículos para su inclusión en esta revisión. De los 14 artículos analizados se presentaron resultados relevantes para una dieta rica en frutas y verduras; oleaginoso, especialmente los frutos secos; Dieta mediterránea en tres estudios; Pautas dietéticas basadas en guías dietéticas, presentes en dos estudios y dieta hiperproteica, citadas cuatro veces. CONCLUSIÓN: la dieta más efectiva para perder peso es la dieta alta en fibra, aunque contribuye con un pequeño valor porcentual.

Late preterms: are they all the same?

Very preterm infants (VPT) and, especially extreme low gestational age (ELGA) preterms, often on the threshold of viability, make the headlines of both, the scientific as well as the popular press. However, all together they represent between 1 and 2% of all livebirths. Late preterms (LPT) those born between 34/07 and 36/06 weeks, on the other hand, may account for up to 80% of all preterms and for some 5-8% of all births. Although mortality is low they are prone to increasing neonatal morbidities posing a considerable medical, financial and psychosocial burden. In the last years, for many reasons, LPT appear to have increased considerably throughout the western world. But are LPT neonates all the same? In spite of overlapping gestational ages (GA) LPT may behave quite differently depending on circumstances surrounding their pre- and postnatal events. We can identify three different classes of LPT neonates: spontaneous late preterms (SpLPT) born in the absence of previous maternal illnesses and/or pregnancy related disorders; Induced LPT (IdLPT) due to maternal/fetal complications and those babies being born after 34-week gestation from postponed delivery at an earlier GA (PtLPT) - and they are quite different babies, with different behavior, despite a common and same gestational age.

Reabilitação profissional e retorno ao trabalho: uma revisão integrativa / Vocational rehabilitation and return to work: integrative review

Analisando-se as tendências globais de crescimento populacional e o envelhecimento da população, que implica no aparecimento de doenças crônicas, além das doenças e acidentes em geral (relacionados ou não ao trabalho), observa-se crescente necessidade de implementação dos serviços de reabilitação no mundo. A reabilitação envolve três aspectos: reabilitação médica, profissional e social. Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar e apresentar a produção de conhecimento dos processos de reabilitação profissional em diversos países, bem como identificar estratégias para a reintegração ao trabalho de pessoas com restrições decorrentes de doenças ou acidentes em geral, por meio da reabilitação profissional durante os últimos 30 anos. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa em portais de pesquisa em saúde ­ Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde ­ Biblioteca Virtual em Medicina (BVS-BIREME), PubMed ­, bases de dados ­ Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Web of Science, Sociological abstracts, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) ­ e banco de dados (SCOPUS). No total, 1.109 publicações foram identificadas. Após avaliação metodológica, 12 foram consideradas elegíveis e incluídas. Os estudos avaliaram novas abordagens e a implementação de programas existentes, novos projetos/programas e medidas educacionais para trabalhadores em licença médica. A maioria considerou a multidisciplinaridade, a abordagem educacional complementar, a intervenção precoce e a possibilidade de ajustes no ambiente de trabalho. As publicações sobre novos projetos foram relacionadas a programas de retenção no emprego e retorno ao trabalho para trabalhadores desempregados e temporários. Há um pequeno número de estudos descrevendo programas de reabilitação ocupacional e dificuldades em avaliar sua eficácia. A produção científica ainda é discreta quando comparada à necessidade relacionada a esse tema na atualidade.

Analysis of population growth trends and aging­which is associated with occurrence of chronic diseases, in addition to (work-related or not) diseases and accidents in general­points to an increasing need to implement rehabilitation services worldwide. Rehabilitation comprises three aspects: medical, vocational and social. The aim of the present study was to describe the state of the art in vocational rehabilitation approaches in several countries, as well as vocational rehabilitation-based return-to-work strategies for individuals with restrictions due to diseases and accidents in general developed in the past 30 years. We performed an integrative review of studies located in databases Virtual Health Library-Regional Library of Medicine (VHL-BIREME), PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Web of Science, Sociological Abstracts, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) and SCOPUS. A total of 1,109 studies were initially retrieved, of which 12 were considered eligible on methodological assessment and included for review. The selected studies analyzed new approaches and the implementation of existing programs, new programs/projects, and educational measures for workers on sick leave. Most programs had multidisciplinary nature and included complementary educational approaches, early intervention, and possibility of workplace adjustments. The studies on new projects consisted in job retention and return-to-work programs for unemployed or temporary workers. The number of studies which describe occupational rehabilitation programs is small and evaluating their efficacy is difficult. Scientific research on this subject is still scarce vis-à-vis the current demands.

Correction to: CD73 expression in normal and pathological human hepatobiliopancreatic tissues.

The following information must be added to the published article.